Теоретический анализ феномена профессионального выгорания (на материале современных зарубежных исследований)
DOI: 10.15293/2312-1580.2301.01
Ключевые слова:
выгорание, профессиональное выгорание, стресс, профессиональная деятельность, утомлениеАннотация
В статье представлены теоретические аспекты изучения феномена профессионального выгорания на материале современных зарубежных исследований. Проанализирована специфика феномена профессионального выгорания как ряда составляющих, среди которых выгорание, связанное с личностью субъекта, с профессиональной деятельностью и с другими людьми. Первая составляющая включает в себя физическое, психоэмоциональное и когнитивное истощение. Вторая заключается в психофизической усталости в процессе выполнения профессиональной деятельности. Третья предполагает психическое и физическое утомление, которое актуализируется в контактах с клиентами. Рассмотрены различные факторы, обусловливающие возникновение профессионального выгорания. В процессе теоретического анализ установлено, что профессиональное выгорание определяется как трехмерная реакции на профессиональный стресс, характеризующаяся чувством усталости от предъявляемых требований, безразличным отношением к профессиональной деятельности, а также неадекватными реакциями в контексте рабочего процесса. Выявлено, что в настоящее время в научных исследованиях остается ряд нерешенных вопросов, связанных с проблемой профессионального выгорания.
Библиографические ссылки
Ahola K., Toppinen-Tanner S., Seppanen J. Interventions to Alleviate Burnout
Symptoms and to Support Return to Work Among Employees with Burnout: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis // Burnout Research. 2017. Vol. 4. Pp. 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.02.001
Akova İ., Hasdemir Ö., Kiliç E. Evaluation of the Relationship between Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Levels of Primary Health-Care Workers (Center Anatolia) // Alexandria Journal of Medicine. 2021. Vol. 57, Issue 1. Pp. 52–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2021.1874632
Alarcon G., Eschleman K. J., Bowling N. A. Relationships between Personality Variables and Burnout: A meta-analysis // Work and Stress. 2009. Vol. 23, Issue 3. Pp. 244–263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370903282600
Al-Shoraian G. M. J., Hussain N., Alajmi M. F., Kamel M. I., El-Shazly M. K. Burnout Among Family and General Practitioners // Alexandria Journal of Medicine. 2011. Vol. 47, Issue 4. Pp. 359–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2011.10.005
Althubaiti A. Information Bias in Health Research: Definition, Pitfalls, and Adjustment Methods // Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. 2016. Vol. 9. Pp. 211–217. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S104807
Bakker A. B., Costa P. Chronic Job Burnout and Daily Functioning: A Theoretical Analysis // Burnout Research. 2014. Vol. 1, Issue 3. Pp. 112–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.04.003
Chen C.-P., Wu C.-C., Chang L.-R., Lin Y.-H. Possible Association between Phantom Vibration Syndrome and Occupational Burnout // Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2014. Vol. 10. Pp. 2307–2314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S73038
Cheng H., Fan Y., Lau H. An Integrative Review on Job Burnout among Teachers in China: Implications for Human Resource Management // The International Journal of Human Resource Management. 2023. Vol. 34, Issue 3. Pp. 529–561. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2078991
Daniels K., Tregaskis O., Seaton J. S. Job Control and Occupational Health: The Moderating Role of National R&D Activity // Journal of Organizational Behavior. 2007. Vol. 28, Issue 1. Pp. 1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.390
Delgado N., Delgado J., Betancort M., Bonache H., Harris L. T. What is the Link between Different Components of Empathy and Burnout in Healthcare Professionals? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis // Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2023. Vol. 6. Pp. 447–463. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S384247
Demerouti E. Strategies Used by Individuals to Prevent Burnout // European Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2015. Vol. 45, Issue 10. Pp. 1106–1112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12494
Demerouti E., Bakker A. B., Peeters M. C. W., Breevaart K. New Directions in Burnout Research // European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 2021. Vol. 30, Issue 5. Pp. 686–691. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1979962
Doulougeri K., Georganta K., Montgomery A. “Diagnosing” Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals: Can We Find Consensus? // Cogent Medicine. 2016. Vol. 3, Issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2016.1237605
Gauche C., de Beer L. T., Brink L. Exploring Demands from the Perspective of Employees Identified as Being at Risk of Burnout // International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. 2017. Vol. 12, Issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2017.1361783
Holman D. Job Types and Job Quality in Europe // Human Relations. 2013. Vol. 66, Issue 4. Pp. 475–502. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726712456407
Kupcewicz E., Jóźwik M. Role of Global Self-Esteem, Professional Burnout and Selected Socio-Demographic Variables in the Prediction of Polish Nurses’ Quality of Life – a Cross-Sectional Study // Risk Management and Healthcare Policy. 2020. Vol. 13. Pp. 671–684. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S252270
Laker V., Simmonds-Buckley M., Delgadillo J., Palmer L., Barkham M. Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mind Management Skills for Life Programme as an Intervention for Occupational Burnout in Mental Healthcare Professionals // Journal of Mental Health. 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2023.2182423
Mäkikangas A., Leiter M. P., Kinnunen U., Feldt T. Profiling Development of Burnout Over Eight Years: Relation with Job Demands and Resources // European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. 2021. Vol. 30, Issue 5. Pp. 720–731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2020.1790651
Shirom A., Melamed S. A Comparison of the Construct Validity of the Burnout Measures in Two Groups of Professionals // International Journal of Stress Management. 2006. Vol. 13, Issue 2. Pp. 176–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.13.2.176
Taris T. W. Is there a Relationship between Burnout and Objective Performance? A Critical Review of 16 Studies // Work and Stress. 2006. Vol. 20, Issue 4. Pp. 316–334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370601065893
Tetrick L. E., Winslow C. J. Workplace Stress Management Interventions and Health Promotion // Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior. 2015. Vol. 2, Issue 1. Pp. 583–603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevorgpsych-032414-111341
Towey-Swift K. D., Lauvrud C., Whittington R. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Professional Staff Burnout: a Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Controlled Trials // Journal of Mental Health. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022628
Vinter K., Aus K., Arro G. Adolescent Girlsʼ and Boysʼ Academic Burnout and its Associations with Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies // Educational Psychology. 2021. Vol. 41, Issue 8. Pp. 1061–1077. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2020.1855631
Williams B., Lau R., Thornton E., Olney L. S. The Relationship between Empathy and Burnout – Lessons for Paramedics: a Scoping Review // Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2017. Vol. 10. Pp. 329–337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S145810
Zborowska A., Gurowiec P. J., Młynarska A., Uchmanowicz I. Factors Affecting Occupational Burnout Among Nurses Including Job Satisfaction, Life Satisfaction, and Life Orientation: A Cross-Sectional Study // Psychology Research and Behavior Management. 2021. Vol. 14. Pp. 1761–1777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S325325
References
Ahola K., Toppinen-Tanner S., Seppanen J. Interventions to Alleviate Burnout Symptoms and to Support Return to Work Among Employees with Burnout: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Burnout Research, 2017, vol. 4, pp. 1–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2017.02.001
Akova İ., Hasdemir Ö., Kiliç E. Evaluation of the Relationship Between Burnout, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Levels of Primary Health-Care Workers (Center Anatolia). Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2021, vol. 57, issue 1, pp. 52–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20905068.2021.1874632
Alarcon G., Eschleman K. J., Bowling N. A. Relationships between Personality Variables and Burnout: A meta-analysis. Work and Stress, 2009, vol. 23, issue 3, pp. 244–263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370903282600
Al-Shoraian G. M. J., Hussain N., Alajmi M. F., Kamel M. I., El-Shazly M. K. Burnout Among Family and General Practitioners. Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2011, vol. 47, issue 4, pp. 359–364. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2011.10.005
Althubaiti A. Information Bias in Health Research: Definition, Pitfalls, and Adjustment Methods. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2016, vol. 9, pp. 211–217. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/JMDH.S104807
Bakker A. B., Costa P. Chronic Job Burnout and Daily Functioning: A Theoretical Analysis. Burnout Research, 2014, vol. 1, issue 3, pp. 112–119. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burn.2014.04.003
Chen C.-P., Wu C.-C., Chang L.-R., Lin Y.-H. Possible Association between Phantom Vibration Syndrome and Occupational Burnout. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2014, vol. 10, pp. 2307–2314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S73038
Cheng H., Fan Y., Lau H. An Integrative Review on Job Burnout among Teachers in China: Implications for Human Resource Management. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2023, vol. 34, issue 3, pp. 529–561. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2078991
Daniels K., Tregaskis O., Seaton J. S. Job Control and Occupational Health: The Moderating Role of National R&D Activity. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 2007, vol. 28, issue 1, pp. 1–19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/job.390
Delgado N., Delgado J., Betancort M., Bonache H., Harris L. T. What is the Link between Different Components of Empathy and Burnout in Healthcare Professionals? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2023, vol. 6, pp. 447–463. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S384247
Demerouti E. Strategies Used by Individuals to Prevent Burnout. European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2015, vol. 45, issue 10, pp. 1106–1112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/eci.12494
Demerouti E., Bakker A. B., Peeters M. C. W., Breevaart K. New Directions in Burnout Research. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2021, vol. 30, issue 5, pp. 686–691. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1979962
Doulougeri K., Georganta K., Montgomery A. “Diagnosing” Burnout Among Healthcare Professionals: Can We Find Consensus? Cogent Medicine, 2016, vol. 3, issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/2331205X.2016.1237605
Gauche C., de Beer L. T., Brink L. Exploring Demands from the Perspective of Employees Identified as Being at Risk of Burnout. International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, 2017, vol. 12, issue 1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17482631.2017.1361783
Holman D. Job Types and Job Quality in Europe. Human Relations, 2013, vol. 66, issue 4, pp. 475–502. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726712456407
Kupcewicz E., Jóźwik M. Role of Global Self-Esteem, Professional Burnout and Selected Socio-Demographic Variables in the Prediction of Polish Nurses’ Quality of Life – a Cross-Sectional Study. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 2020, vol. 13, pp. 671–684. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S252270
Laker V., Simmonds-Buckley M., Delgadillo J., Palmer L., Barkham M. Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial of the Mind Management Skills for Life Programme as an Intervention for Occupational Burnout in Mental Healthcare Professionals. Journal of Mental Health, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2023.2182423
Mäkikangas A., Leiter M. P., Kinnunen U., Feldt T. Profiling Development of Burnout Over Eight Years: Relation with Job Demands and Resources. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2021, vol. 30, issue 5, pp. 720–731. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2020.1790651
Shirom A., Melamed S. A Comparison of the Construct Validity of the Burnout Measures in Two Groups of Professionals. International Journal of Stress Management, 2006, vol. 13, issue 2, pp. 176–200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/1072-5245.13.2.176
Taris T. W. Is there a Relationship between Burnout and Objective Performance? A Critical Review of 16 Studies. Work and Stress, 2006, vol. 20, issue 4, pp. 316–334. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370601065893
Tetrick L. E., Winslow C. J. Workplace Stress Management Interventions and Health Promotion. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2015, vol. 2, issue 1, pp. 583–603. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevorgpsych-032414-111341
Towey-Swift K. D., Lauvrud C., Whittington R. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Professional Staff Burnout: a Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Controlled Trials. Journal of Mental Health, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022628
Vinter K., Aus K., Arro G. Adolescent Girlsʼ and Boysʼ Academic Burnout and its Associations with Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies. Educational Psychology, 2021, vol. 41, issue 8, pp. 1061–1077. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2020.1855631
Williams B., Lau R., Thornton E., Olney L. S. The Relationship Between Empathy and Burnout – Lessons for Paramedics: a Scoping Review. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2017, vol. 10, pp. 329–337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S145810
Zborowska A., Gurowiec P. J., Młynarska A., Uchmanowicz I. Factors Affecting Occupational Burnout Among Nurses Including Job Satisfaction, Life Satisfaction, and Life Orientation: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 2021, vol. 14, pp. 1761–1777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S325325
